Barking Iguana

Sometimes a function behaves differently based on it's inputs. Consider, for example, calculating the absolute value of a number. If the number is less than 0 then the result is -1 * INPUT. If the number is greater than or equal to zero then the number is the same as the input.

This can be accomplished in Erlang using predicate guards: conditions on the inputs which are defined just after the argument list of a predicate.

-module(maths).
-export([abs/1]).

abs(X) when X < 0 -> -1 * X;
abs(X) -> X.

Of course Erlang does already provide a math module which exports abs. This is just a simple example of how to implement guards. It's also the reason that my module is called maths instead of math. Ick.